Refrigerating machine



July 19, 1927.

A. DELAS REFRIGERATI NG MACHINE Original Filed Jan. 24. 1920 In verzfor IIIIIIIIIIIIII'I Patented July 19, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE..

ALBERT DEIJAS, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO DELAS CONDENSER CORPORA- TION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE. j

'IREIERIGERA'IINGr MACHINE.

Application filed January 24, 1920, Seria'l No. 353,865, and in France June 25, 1919. Renewed October The present invention relates to refrigerating apparatus employing water vapor as the refrigcratingfluid and has for one of its principal objects to provide a form of apparatus in which the friction of the fluid on movable elements is employed to create the difference or a part of the necessary difference of pressure between the evaporator and the condenser of the apparatus.

The successful use of water as the refrigerating fluid involves high ratios of compression and at the same time the handling of considerable resultant volumes. The ratio of compression is approximately six times thatof ammonia systems and the rcsultant suction volume six hundred times.

Attempts to employ centrifugal aspiratiors forthis purpose, for which they seem adapt-- ed because of their great suction volume, proved unsuccessful due to the magnitude of the viscosity of Water vapor with relation to its low density at low pressures. This relation between the viscosity and density is such that the pressure lost through friction is .very much greater than the pressure produced by centrifugal action.

It has also been proposed to create the desired difference of pressure by employing the friction of a steam jet in devices known as ejectors. In such systems the steam consumption of the first stage ejector is considerable. Furthermore, unless intermediate condensers are employed, the weight of the steam or other motive fluid of the first stage is added.

to the Weight of the entrained fluid passing gr ghrtlielatsrstat n tagesso t t e work in the later stages is multiplied in almost impossible proportions.

In accordance with my invention the difference in pressure or the first stage of the difference in pressure required to evacuate the evaporator is obtained by entraining the water vapor by frictional contact with mech anically actuated moving Walls or surfaces.

Referring to the drawings which illustrate what I now consider preferred forms of'my invention: V

Figure l is a diagrammatic view illustrating one Way in which the friction compressor may be driven.

Figs. 2 and 3'are respectively a side'and front elevation, in section, of a preferred form of frictional compressor or pump.

Referring to Fig. 1 the evaporator a reinto the condenser e.

ceivcs water in the form of a spray through the pipe 7). The water vapor is withdrawn through the pipe 0 by the friction pump .1! connected thereto. From the pump the rapor, as will more fully hereinafter appear, is

conducted to a condenser e, the water of con densation being emptied from the latter by a suitable pipe or outlet. Among other forms 4 sponding pair of discs Z. It will be noted that the clearance between the discs Z'and spirals mis comparatively small. By virtue of this construction a plurality of bent tubes are provided, each tube having a rather flat rectangular transverse section in which the small sides are stationary while the large or longer sides formed by the discs move at 'reat speed on rapid rotation of the shaft is. n rotation of said shaft motion is imparted to the fluid entering at r and the fluid leaves at s. In this way one can obtain an entrainment of the fluid in the direction of the arrows by friction over a large area, by proportioning at each instant the transverse section of each tube to resultant pressure.

The pump d instead of discharging directly into the condenser may be caused to discharge through the turbine. Furtherin Fig. 4. The exhaust vapor from the compressor or friction pump 03 travels in the direction of the arrows into the ejector y when it comes into contact with the motive fluid entering at, g and. isentrained. The mixtureso formed is supplied to and propels the turbine which in turn mechanically drives the pump cl.v The turbine exhausts It will be obvious that the pump d effects the first stage compression and the ejector g, the second stage.

What I claim is:

1. In combination, a pump, a motor for driving said pump, an ejector into which said pump discharges, means for supplying motive fluid to said ejectoig'and means for c nducting the discharge'of said ejector to said motor to drive the latter.

2. In combination, a friction pump for \vitlnli'awinp; gaseous fluids, an ejector into which said pump discharges, means forsupplying; motive fluid to said, ejector, a turbine driven by the discharge of said ejector and connected to said pump to drive the latter,

and a condei'iser into which said turbine discharges. X

3. An apparatus tor producing high vacuums comprising afriction pump, a turbine tor actuating said pump, in combination with a fluid actuated ejector through which the fluid from said pump is exhausted, and means for connecting said ejector with said turbine for actuating the latter.

combination with a fluid actuated ejector the inlet of which is connected to the exhaust of said compressor and the outlet of Which is connected to said turbine to actuate'the latter.

5. An apparatus for producing high vacuums comprising a fluid actuated ejector forproducing a moderate vacuum, in combination with means actuated by the motive fluid from said ejector for entraining the gas in that vacuum.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature. I

ALBERT DELAS. 

